OU Degree 4th Sem English Unit 6 Vocabulary, Grammar
Exercise 1:
Fill in the blanks with the correct option.
1. To make an “informed” choice, is to make a ________ choice. (wise/neutral)
2: The company wants to assess the ________ of age, income, etc. of their customer base. (democracy/demographics)
3. The company’s is to provide high quality educational services. (machine/mission)
4. A ‘white paper’ is an ________ document. (authoritative/authentic)
5. ________ is the supply of goods a company has for sale. (Inversion? Inventory)
6. When something is “on someone’s radar”, it means that the person is ________ (a pilot? aware of something)
7. To ‘hammer out’ a deal is to ________ a deal. (reach/come across)
8. To accept the first offer is to accept the ________ (initiai bid/first bidding)
9. If the talks are at a ‘stand still’, it means that there is ________. (no danger/no progress)
10. If you take ‘ownership’ of a task, it means you are________. (responsible for it/at risk)
11. In corporate jargon ________, means “things that have to be done”. (action items/act items)
12. If you pay ________, it means you pay in advance. (at the front/upfront)
13. If everyone is ________ , it means that they all agree to a proposal. (on the board/on board)
14. To “get the ball ________ is to start something. (going/rolling)
15. A ________ is one who supplies the goods. (vendor/vandal)
Answers:
1. To make an “informed” choice, is to make a wise choice.
2. The company wants to assess the demographics of age, income, etc. of their customer base.
3. The company’s mission is to provide high quality educational services.
4. A ‘white paper’ is an authoritative document.
5. Inventory is the supply of goods a company has for sale.
6. When something is “on someone’s radar”, it means that the person is aware of something.
7. To ‘hammer out’ a deal is to reach a deal.
8. To accept the first offer is to accept the initial bid.
9. If the talks are at a ‘stand still’, it means that there is no progress.
10. If you take ‘ownership’ of a task, it means you are responsible for It.
11. In corporate jargon, action items means “things that have to be done”.
12. If you pay upfront it means you pay in advance.
13. If everyone is on board it means that they all agree to a proposal.
14. To “get the ball rolling is to start something.
15. A vendor is one who supplies the goods.
Exercise II:
Match the words in the box with their meanings below.
a. Flier
b. Sitcom
c. Advert
d. Editorial
e. TaLk-show
f. Column
g. Paparazzi
h. Soap opera
i. Phone-in
j. Network
k. Propaganda
I. Talking heads
m. Trial balloons
n. Yellow journalism
o. Investigative journalism
1. A group of associated television or radio channels —————-
2. A photographer who follows celebrities in order to photograph them and sell the pictures to newspapers or magazines —————-
3. The term used to describe sensational news reporting —————-
4. A radio or television programme where listeners or viewers telephone the studio and participate in the programme —————-
5. A recurring piece or article in a newspaper or magazine —————-
6. The use of detective-like reporting methods to unearth scandals —————-
7. A serial television or radio drama dealing with daily events in the lives of the same group of characters —————-
8. A shot of a person’s face talking directly to the camera —————-
9. A television or radio programme in which stars and celebrities are invited to talk informally about various topics —————
10. An article presenting the opinion of the editors or publishers —————
11. Comedy programme based on everyday experiences —————
12. Commercial promotion of a product or service —————
13. Information leaked to determine what the political reaction will be —————
14. Small printed notice or advertisement —————
15. The dissemination of information aimed at influencing the opinions or behaviours of large numbers of people —————
Answer:
1. A group of associated television or radio channels. (Network)
2. A photographer who follows celebrities in order to photograph them and sell the pictures to newspapers or magazines. (Paparazzi)
3. The term used to describe sensational news reporting. (Yellow journalism)
4. A radio or television programme where listeners or viewers telephone the studio and participate in the programme. (Phone-In)
5. A recurring piece or article in a newspaper or magazine. (Column)
6. The use of detective-like reporting methods to unearth scandals. (Investigative journalism)
7. A serial television or radio drama dealing with daily events in the lives of the same group of characters. (Soap opera)
8. A shot of a person’s face talking directly to the camera. (Talking heads)
9. A television or radio programme in which stars and celebrities are invited to talk informally about various topics. (Talk-show)
10. An article presenting the opinion of the editors or publishers. (Editorial)
11. Comedy programme based on everyday experiences. (Sitcom)
12. Commercial promotion of a product or service. (Advert)
13. Information leaked to determine what the political reaction will be. (Thai Balloons)
14. Small printed notice or advertisement, (Flier)
15. The dissemination of information aimed at influencing the opinions or behaviours of large numbers of people. (Propaganda)
Grammer – Reported Speech (Including Reporting Verbs)
Exercise 1:
Fill in the blanks with say, said, tell or told.
1. She _____ them she wanted to resign.
2. The principal _____ us to participate in inter-collegiate sport competitions.
3. You don’t need to ____ us that.
4. He didn’t _____ a word.
5. I remember every word you _____ yesterday.
6. Why didn’t you _____ her that in the morning?
7. My friend ____ that he had completed his project report.
8. She called me last night and _____. “Dont worry. I will manage on my own”.
9. The girl _____ that she could speak Japanese fluently.
10. She ____ she had already seen the film.
Answers:
1. She told them she wanted to resign.
2. The principal told to us to participate in inter-collegiate sport competitions.
3. You don’t need to Tell us that.
4. He didn’t say a word.
5. I remember every word you _____ yesterday. (Said)
6. Why didn’t you her that in the morning? (Tell)
7. My friend ____ that he had completed his project report. (Said)
8. She called me last night and _____ “Don’t worry. I will manage on my own”. (Said)
9. The girl _____ that she could speak Japanese fluently. (Said)
10. She ____ she had already seen the film. (Said)
Exercise II.
Correct the following sentences:
1. The traffic police said me I couldn’t park my two-wheeler there.
2. He to he was AishwaryaRai’s husband.
3. He says he was sure that justice will be done,
4. The doctor advised me take bed rest and eat nutritious food.
5. They wanted to know what was my name?
6. He told me to come back tomorrow.
7. She said she was asked to come here.
8. 1 wondered whether he can help me.
9. My cousin said him that he should go out.
10. He said he had bought the bicycle 10 years ago.
Answers:
1. The traffic police told me I couldn’t park my two-wheeler there.
2. He said he was Aishwarya Rai’s husband.
3. He said he was sure that justice will be done.
4. The doctor advised me to take bed rest and eat nutritious food.
5. They wanted to know what my name was.
6. He told me to come back the next day.
7. She said she was asked to come there.
8. I wondered whether he could help me
9. My cousin told him that he should go out.
10. He said he had bought the bicycle 10 years before.
Exercise III:
Change the following sentences from direct to reported speech.
Pay attention to pronouns, tenses and time/place markers. Use suitable reporting verbs.
1. They said, “Dogs were fun to play with.”
2. She said, “Do you live near the school?”
3. The guest said, “I don’t like sugar in my coffee.”
4. Elisa said to me, “How old are you?”
5. She said to him, “When will you be back in your office?”
6. The boss said to the secretary, “Don’t forget to order AS-size paper.”
7. My friend said to me, “I am meeting my project head tomorrow.”
8. They said, “We were planning to visit you next week.”
9. He said, “Please help me lift these bags.”
10. The watchman said to us, “Don’t play cricket in the garden.”
Answers
1. They said that dogs are fun to play with.
2. She asked me if I lived near the school.
3. The guest said she didn’t like sugar in her coffee,
4. Elisa asked me how old I was.
5. She asked him when he would be back in his office.
6. The boss reminded the secretary not to forget to order AS-size paper.
7. My friend informed me she was meeting her project head the next day.
8. They told us that they were planning to visit us the week after.
9. He requested me to help him lift those bags.
10. The watchman warned us not to play cricket in the garden.
Exercise IV:
Now report the Interview In Indirect speech. Pay attention to tense, pronoun, and time/place markers. Use different reporting verbs wherever possible.
1. The interviewer congratulated the winner and asked him how he felt. The interviewer also asked him how long had been singing.
2. The winner thanked the interviewer and replied that _________
3. Next, the interviewer asked him _________
4. The winner _________
5. Next, the interviewer_________
6. The winner _________
7. The interviewer _________
8. The winner _________
9. The interviewer _________
10. The winner _________
11. Finally, the interviewer _________
12. And the winner advised _________
Answers:
1. The interviewer congratulated the winner and asked him how he felt. The interviewer also asked him how long he had been singing.
2. The winner thanked the interviewer and replied that he felt elated. He added that he had started singing when he was five.
3. Next, the interviewer asked him what the secret behind his success was.
4. The winner emphasised that it was hard work. He was there that day because of his hard work and perseverance.
5. Next, the interviewer enquired how it was recelvin the trophy from India’s most popular cricketer.
6. The winner answered it had been a dream-come-true to receive the trophy from his cricket idol.
7. The interviewer asked how it had felt to perform In front of other celebrities.
8. The winner replied that It was amazing. He added that all of them had complimented him on his singing.
9. The interviewer then asked what his future plans were.
10. The winner said that It was just the beginning and added that he wished to achieve a lot more.
11. Finally, the interviewer asked if he had any message for young people.
12. And the winner advised the young to work hard, to stay focused and to aim to excel in the field you choose and was confident that success was bound to chase them.
Exercise V.
Ask questions and write a report as directed.
Think of 10 questions to ask a friend, classmate, cousin, roommate, teacher, leader, etc. Ask questions and get answers from them. Then, write a report of the interview using reported speech. Use a separate sentence to report each question and answer. Bear in mind the use of pronouns, tenses, place and time markers and suitable reporting verbs while changing the sentences to reported speech.
Example:
| Questions | Answers |
| What are you studying? What is your “favourite colour? |
I am studying Fine Arts. I like black. |
Written report using reported speech:
Shalu asked his friend Sam what he was studying. Sam replied that he was studying Fine Arts. Then Shalu asked him what his favourite colour was. Sam said he liked black.
Answer:
| Questions | Answers | ||
| 1. | What are you doing? | 1. | l am going to music classes. |
| 2. | What type of music classes are you going to? | 2. | I am going for Hindustani classical. |
| 3. | How long will it take to complete your course? | 3. | It will take two more years, |
| 4. | What are your plans after the course? | 4. | I want to become a good singer, preferably a back-ground singer of films. |
| 5. | Why do you want to become a singer in films? | 5. | I want to earn a lot of money, |
| 6. | Do you have any interest in acting? | 6. | No, I don’t have any interest in acting. |
| 7. | Are you interested in directing | 7. | No, I am not interested in directing films. |
| 8. | Do you like to sing for Telugu films? | 8. | No, I prefer to sing for Hindi films. |
| 9. | Why do you like to sing for Hindi films? I will get a | 9. | I like to sing for Hindi films because bettter remuneration. |
| 10. | So, are you interested in money? | 10. | Yes, I am interested only in money because money makes everything. |
Written Report Using Reported Speech
Rahul asked his friend Rakesh what, he was doing now-a-days. Rakesh replied that he was going for Hindustani classical music classes. Rahul then asked Rakesh when he would complete his course. Rakesh told that his course of music would take two more years to complete. Rahul, then enquired Rakesh what was his plans after the course. Rakesh replied that he wanted to be a good singer of films, preferably a background singer of films. Rahul again questioned Rakesh why he wanted to be a singer in films.
Rakesh replied that he wanted to earn a lot of money. Rahul again asked whether he had any interest in acting. Rakesh answered negatively and said he was not interested in acting. Rahul also asked him whether he was interested in directing films to which Rakesh replied that he was not interested in directing films. Rahul then asked Rakesh whether he was singing for Telugu films.
Again, Rakesh replied negatively and said that he was interested in singing for Hindi film’s. Rahul asked Rakesh why he was interested in singing for Hindi films. Rakesh told Rahul that he was interested to sing for Hindi films because he would get a better remuneration. Rahul then asked Rakesh whether he was interested only in money. Rakesh said that he was interested in money only. According to Rakesh, money makes everything.